Surf without risk
Safe use of public Wi-Fi
Public Wi-Fi refers to a wireless connection to the internet that is accessible in public places such as hotels, airports, restaurants, shopping malls and libraries, offering free or easy access to the internet.A public Wi-Fi network can either be open (unsecured) or encrypted (secured). Encrypted public Wi-Fi requires a password or account creation to log in for access. An open public Wi-Fi network, on the other hand, does not require a password to connect, meaning anyone can join the network without authentication, which makes it more vulnerable and prone to hacking.
It is important for internet users to be aware of the risks associated with using unsecured, open, free Wi-Fi networks and to know how to stay safe while surfing the internet. While it can be tempting to connect to open networks for free Wi-Fi, a general lack of security measures makes these hotspots easy for hackers to exploit, potentially intercepting sensitive information such as passwords, credit card numbers, and personal data.
Using public Wi-Fi poses several cybersecurity risks, including Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attacks, where hackers intercept and alter communications; packet sniffing, which allows cybercriminals to monitor users’ online activities; and malware distribution through exploited device vulnerabilities, which can lead to spyware or ransomware infections. Additionally, hackers may create malicious hotspots - fake Wi-Fi networks designed to trick users into connecting, enabling them to steal data or redirect users to harmful websites.
How to stay safe on open Wi-Fi networks
Use a Virtual Private Network (VPN): One of the best ways to minimise public Wi-Fi security risks is by using a VPN. A VPN encrypts your internet traffic, making it much harder for hackers to intercept and read your data.
Enable multifactor authentication: Consider enabling multifactor authentication on your accounts in addition to passwords as an extra layer of protection. Even if someone gains access to your login credentials, they will still need the second factor, such as a verification code via your phone or email, to access your account.
Avoid sensitive transactions: Minimise sharing sensitive information when using public Wi-Fi. Additionally, avoid financial transactions such as entering credit card details, making payments, or accessing banking information. Confidential data should only be accessed using a secured internet connection.
Turn off sharing features: Public networks make it easier for others to access your device if file-sharing or printer-sharing features are enabled. Disable these features in your device’s system settings while on public Wi-Fi.
Disable auto-connect: Most devices automatically connect to available Wi-Fi networks. Disabling this feature can prevent your device from connecting to insecure or rogue networks without your knowledge.
Keep software updated: Ensure your operating system, browser, and security software are up to date. Updates often contain security patches that protect against newly discovered threats.
Enable device firewall: Activate the firewall on your device to add another layer of protection against potential intrusions from public Wi-Fi networks.
While public Wi-Fi networks provide convenient access to the internet, they come with significant cybersecurity risks. Individuals must remain cautious and follow best security practices. By staying informed and practising safe browsing habits, it is possible to use public Wi-Fi without compromising privacy or security.
* Released by Mufaro Nesongano, Executive: Communication and Consumer Relations on behalf of the Namibia Cyber Security Incident Response Team (NAM-CSIRT), housed by the Communications Regulatory Authority of Namibia (CRAN).